The reported numbers of scrap-lead acid battery annually in China are more than 2.6 million tons . Typically, the lead acid battery comprises 30–40% lead paste, 24–30% grid, 22–30% plastic shell and 11–30% H 2 SO 4 electrolyte.
4. Conclusions In this study, an innovative, environmentally less harmful route was proposed to replace the traditional smelter recycling process of spent lead acid battery paste. Desulfurization of spent lead paste and the thermal decomposition of lead citrate precursor have been carried out in laboratory scale.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology for cleaning and regenerating waste lead-acid batteries (especially lead paste) to satisfy the urgent need for environmental protection and sustainable development of lead resources. ... [14], [15]. The electrolysis processes of lead paste are composed by desulfurization with carbonate ...
The spent lead paste that was used in this experiment was one of the disassembled products of waste LABs. Before the experiment, the residual acid on the lead paste was washed with distilled water until the pH value was greater than 5.5. After drying at 90 °C, the samples were ground and sieved until the particle size was less than 74 μm.
Keywords Lead recovery · Spent lead acid battery paste · Electrodeposition · Deep eutectic solvent Introduction Lead acid batteries (LABs) have been widely used in trans- ... [18–20], desulfurization–recrystallization [21], vacuum chlorinating, and hydrothermal [ 22, 23]. Although the above methods have been dominant in the lead ...
A green recycling process of discarded lead–acid battery paste, which could avoid both the smelting and electro-winning route has been developed and the results showed that the desulphurization efficiency of lead paste was up to 99.9%. ... A novel approach to recover lead oxide from spent lead acid batteries by desulfurization and ...
In this study, the lead paste in waste lead-acid batteries was taken as a research object and the experiments on desulfurization and conversion with ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4 HCO 3) were conducted.The effects of the stirring speed, reaction temperature and NH 4 HCO 3 concentration on PbSO 4 conversion rate in lead paste were investigated. In …
The traditional sodium desulfurization process for waste lead-acid batteries is beneficial to the environment; however, it is limited by poor economic viability as the cost of desulfurizer is much higher than the value of desulfurization by-products. This study proposes a new closed-loop pre-desulfurization process for lead paste, which consumes only lime as the …
Recycling spent lead-acid batteries has always been a research hotspot. Although traditional pyrometallurgical smelting is still the dominant process, it has serious environmental drawbacks, such as the emission of lead dust and SO 2, and high energy consumption.This study presents a clean process for recycling spent lead-acid battery paste.
Nowadays, researchers have been working on developing a hydrometallurgical process to recover spent lead paste [17], [18], [19]. As spent lead paste contains various lead compounds with different solubility, such as PbO, PbSO 4, PbO 2, etc., the leaching rate of lead is low.Therefore, the spent lead paste should be pretreated for desulfurization and reduction …
A novel approach to recover lead oxide from spent lead acid batteries by desulfurization and crystallization in sodium hydroxide solution after sulfation. ... A clean recycling process for waste lead–acid battery paste was proposed, where tartaric acid-sodium tartrate mixed solution was used as the transforming agent. First, lead tartrate [Pb ...
A compatible environmental process consisted of hydrometallurgical desulfurization and vacuum thermal reduction to recycle lead was investigated in this research. Lead paste was firstly desulfurized with sodium carbonate, by which, the content of sulfur …
Yang Zhengqun et al. proposed in the patent "a method for desulfurization of lead-acid battery lead paste desulfurization" that the solution of ammonia or water-containing substance is...
To address this problem, we designed a new desulfurization process of damped lead battery paste with sodium carbonate that can convert the vast majority of lead sulfate to lead carbonate based on the traditional process and a "surface update" conception.
The lead paste used in this work was provided by Tian Neng Battery Co., Ltd., a company specializing in production of lead-acid batteries and recycling of lead resources in Zhejiang, China. Considering the different sampling batches, initial PbO 2 concentrations will be determined before each experiment. Before reduction, lead paste was dried ...
[40] Zhu X. 2012 Study on Leaching Process of Spent Lead Acid Battery Paste with Organic Acid and Preparation of Ultrafine Lead Oxide by Calcination at Low Temperature (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Google Scholar [41] Sun Z. et al 2017 Spent lead-acid battery recycling in China–A review and sustainable analyses on mass flow ...
A vacuum chlorinating process for simultaneous sulfur fixation and high-purity lead chloride (PbCl2) recovery from spent lead paste by using calcium chloride and silicon dioxide as reagents, which offers a novel green lead recovery alternative for spent lead-acid batteries with environmental and economic benefits.
Lead-acid batteries (LABs) are widely utilized in various applications, such as communication base stations, backup power devices, and transportation, due to their stable voltage, safe operation, cost-effectiveness, and long lifespan [1, 2].Owing to the extensive use of LABs in recent years, their consumption has reached 80% of global lead-resource …
Novel recycling process for lead-acid battery paste without SO 2 generation - Reaction mechanism and industrial pilot campaign. J. Clean. Prod ... Preparation of High Purity Lead Oxide from Spent Lead Acid Batteries via Desulfurization and Recrystallization in Sodium Hydroxide. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 55 (2016), pp. 2059-2068. Crossref View in ...
Recycling end-of-life lead acid batteries is essential for the recovery of lead oxide (active material of new laboratory assembly) from spent lead paste. In this approach, a low-temperature coalesced reduction and sulfur fixation process …
With the increasing demand for lead acid batteries, there were a great number of spent lead acid batteries generated. They have the dual characteristics of resource and harm, making the recovery an important subject. In this paper, a novel approach to recover lead oxide from spent lead acid batteries by desulfurization and crystallization in sodium hydroxide …
A novel process was studied to recover lead as ultra-fine lead oxide from lead paste. The desulphurization rate of lead paste was 99.0% with Na 2 CO 3, NaHCO 3 or (NH 4) 2 CO 3. Around 98% of lead from desulphurized paste was converted to lead citrate precursor. Ultra-fine lead oxide with particle size of 100–500 nm could be obtained at 370 °C.
In a typical hydrometallurgical route, the spent lead paste is leached by acid/alkaline after a necessary desulfurization pretreatment. Reported desulfurizers are summarized in Table 1, including alkaline and organic reagents.Na 2 CO 3 and some other carbonate compounds as desulfurizers have been most widely studied. In our previous studies …
A green, efficient, and short route for recovering metal lead from spent lead-acid batteries has a great advantage in both environmental protection and sustainable development of lead industry. This paper developed a new scheme to recover metal lead by direct electrolysis in (NH4)2SO4 solution with desulfurized lead paste. Cyclic voltammetry showed that lead compounds of …
In spent lead–acid batteries, lead is primarily present as lead pastes. In lead pastes, the dominant component is lead sulfate (PbSO 4, mineral name anglesite) and lead oxide sulfate (PbO•PbSO 4, mineral name lanarkite), which accounts for more than 60% of lead pastes. In the recycling process for lead–acid batteries, the desulphurization ...
Lead-acid batteries are the oldest type of rechargeable battery and have been widely used in many fields, such as automobiles, electric vehicles, and energy storage due to the features of large power-to-weight ratio and low cost (Kumar, 2017).Lead-acid batteries account for ~80% of the total lead consumption in the world (Worrell and Reuter, 2014; Zhang et al., …
Keywords Spent lead–acid battery · Waste lead paste · Secondary lead · Combined electrolysis Introduction Lead is an important nonferrous metal that has good duc-tility and corrosion resistance. It is widely utilized in many industries, such as LABs, cable sheaths, machine manufac - turing, ships, and military projects. Recently, the applica-
6, 7 In the traditional pyrometallurgical process, the spent lead paste is first recovered as crude lead bullion followed by producing high-purity metallic lead (99.99% purity) with a refining ...
The invention relates to a method of desulphurizing battery paste in the process of recycling lead-acid batteries. The paste desulphurizing stage of the method according to the invention is...
In this paper, a novel approach to recover lead oxide from spent lead acid batteries by desulfurization and crystallization in sodium hydroxide solution after sulfation was proposed. During sulfation process, 85% sulfuric acid (17.786 g sulfuric acid per 2 g negative …
A vacuum chlorinating process for simultaneous sulfur fixation and high-purity lead chloride (PbCl2) recovery from spent lead paste by using calcium chloride and silicon dioxide as reagents, which offers a novel green lead recovery alternative for spent lead-acid batteries with environmental and economic benefits.
In the reaction process of carbonate desulfurization lead paste, the produced PbCO 3 is easily wrapped in the outer periphery of PbSO 4 to form a product layer, hindering the mass transfer process. Therefore, it is necessary to break the PbCO 3 product layer. In this work, the rotor stator-reinforced reactor was selected as the enhanced desulfurization reactor for …
Spent lead paste (SLP) obtained from end-of-life lead-acid batteries is regarded as an essential secondary lead resource. Recycling lead from spent lead-acid batteries has been demonstrated to be of paramount significance for both economic expansion and environmental preservation. Pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical approaches are …
The treatment of spent lead paste is essential for the recycling of spent lead-acid batteries. In this study, we propose a facile route for the recovery of lead from spent lead paste by pre-desulfurization followed by low-temperature reduction smelting.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131307 Corpus ID: 247423138; A new desulfation process of spent lead paste via cyclic utilization of CO2–NH3·H2O @article{Hua2022AND, title={A new desulfation process of spent lead paste via cyclic utilization of CO2–NH3·H2O}, author={Chunyu Hua and Junqing Pan and Zhiyu Li and Keyu Wang and Yanzhi Sun and Dan Li and Tian-Tian Li}, …
In this study, a green recycling process of discarded lead–acid battery paste, which could avoid both the smelting and electro-winning route has been developed. ... Ma Y, Qiu K (2015) Recovery of lead from lead paste in spent lead acid battery by hydrometallurgical desulfurization and vacuum thermal reduction. Waste Management 40: 151–156 ...
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