In addition to the hybrid method and the MIC, which can identify the key environmental factors, the dimensionality of the datasets of the 12 environmental factors can also be reduced by PCA. PCA transforms the original data to a new coordinate system, in which each component represents a combination of the direction of original datasets.
The targeted stress factors are the ambient temperature, the cell temperature, the energy consumption and charging rates, as well as. Parking conditions. Field data. Parking events represents>90 % of the vehicles'' lifetime [44], [45], and temperature is a major stress factor during the battery rest times.
A review of the life cycle environmental effects of EV batteries in a qualitative and as far as possible quantitative way should identify the main influences on the environmental performance of batteries and point out …
This research study employs a comparative Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach to select optimal thermoplastic materials for hybrid vehicle battery packs in the automotive industry, addressing the challenges posed by high-temperature environments. Through a detailed evaluation of materials based on criteria such as thermal stability, …
A proficient battery management system (BMS) is constantly expected to make an electric vehicle (EV) more dependable. The battery states like state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) estimation are one of the significant functions of BMS. However, the accuracy of the model-based state estimation strategy is profoundly affected by the exhibition of the battery modeling …
Technological, Organizational, and Environmental Factors Affecting the Adoption of Electric Vehicle Battery Recycling January 2022 IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management PP(99):1-14
Due to the closed environment of the battery, the rapidly produced oxidation products accumulate in the cell shell to form high-temperature gas, ... and Li-ion batteries and analyzed the influence of fixed forgetting factors on the identification effect and optimized the variable forgetting factors. According to the battery model, a method of ...
Maintaining batteries within a specific temperature range is vital for safety and efficiency, as extreme temperatures can degrade a battery''s performance and lifespan. In addition, battery temperature is the key parameter in battery safety regulations. Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) are pivotal in regulating battery temperature. While current …
DOI: 10.1016/j rsci.2020.109084 Corpus ID: 226318773; Improving atmospheric corrosion prediction through key environmental factor identification by random forest-based model
Widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries in electronic products, electric cars, and renewable energy systems has raised severe worries about the environmental consequences of spent lithium batteries. Because of its mobility and possible toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, lithium, as a vital component of battery technology, has inherent environmental …
Lithium-ion battery prognostic has advanced significantly even though issues such as variability, data availability, and model explainability remain a major challenge in the development process. variability remains a key challenge as battery life varies due to manufacturing inconsistencies, operating conditions, and environmental factors such ...
Experimental data validation demonstrates that the proposed method not only achieves high-precision and real-time identification of EV battery parameters under dynamic operating …
We investigate two cases of 1 kg battery production and 1 kWh battery production to assess nickel–cobalt–manganese (NMC) and lithium–iron phosphate (LFP) …
These studies highlight the important issue of storing spent and processed battery materials. If real-life scenarios are envisaged, such as temporary storage in the canister or landfilling, certainly, the corrosion of containers or battery metal case (module or pack) will be speeded up by external environmental factors such as leachate or humid ...
However, the accuracy of its estimated SOC depends on the accuracy of the constructed battery model, and the accuracy of the battery model is closely related to the parameter identification method. Literature [24] used recursive least squares (RLS) with forgetting factor to identify battery model parameters. However, when the amount of data ...
3 Parameter identification algorithm for a lithium-ion battery. The parameter identification algorithm includes the following variables, which are defined as follows: k is a sampling instant, which also represents the current number of the estimated parameter vectors to be processed for the traditional RLS algorithm. At the k th sampling moment, K (k) is the gain …
For example, standardizing the cell design and labeling the materials can reduce the pretreatment cost during recycling. Labeling battery chemistries in a standard way and classifying different batteries during recycling would also allow the highest environmental benefits of battery recycling based on the LCA.
Due to the closed environment of the battery, the rapidly produced oxidation products accumulate in the cell shell to form high-temperature gas, ... and Li-ion batteries and analyzed the influence of fixed forgetting …
The battery was cycled up to 30 times, although the formed by-products (lithium fluoride, H 2 O, Li 2 O 2, LiOH) increased the internal resistance of the battery during cycling. Benefiting from the green character of many ILs, Jia et al. embedded the choline nitrate IL within a chitosan matrix to obtain a biocompatible GPE offering an ionic ...
To compare the environmental impacts of competing battery technologies, or simply understand the full impact of increased battery production and use, the LCA must be designed to answer a well-defined question.
Battery production – the environmental impact of battery production is subject to volatility Citation 26, Citation 77, Citation 130 because 1) the battery industry is under worldwide expansion and 2) there is uncertainty …
matrix in RLS of battery parameter identification [14], where variable forgetting factors are constrained within a small region near one, instead of previous exponential varying range
Although solar PV could be a sustainable alternative to fossil sources, they still have to deal with the issue of poor efficiency. Although it is theoretically possible to get the highest efficiency of 29% in commercial PV, this value only reaches a maximum of 26% in the actual case. 8 Various external and internal factors are responsible for the degradation of PV panel …
By introducing the life cycle assessment method and entropy weight method to quantify environmental load, a multilevel index evaluation system was established based on …
The results demonstrated that the use of aluminum alloy battery box reduced carbon emissions by 44.4%, with a substitution factor of 0.556, while CF-SMC battery boxes reduced carbon emissions by ...
On the other hand, various studies have focused on electrical parameters identification for energy storage units. For example, in [12,13], recursive least square with Kalman filter and sliding window difference forgetting factors are used to identify the on-state battery estimation for electric ship and lithium-ion battery.
With the popularity of electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries as a power source are an important part of electric vehicles, and online identification of equivalent circuit model parameters of a lithium-ion battery has gradually become a focus of research. A second-order RC equivalent circuit model of a lithium-ion battery cell is modeled and analyzed in this paper. An …
This study aims to quantify selected environmental impacts (specifically primary energy use and GHG emissions) of battery manufacture across the global value chain and their change over time to 2050 by considering country-specific electricity generation mixes …
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) nowadays are getting soaring importance in many aspects like agricultural and military fields. A hybrid power system is a promising solution toward high energy density and power density demands for UAVs as it integrates power sources like internal combustion engine (ICE), fuel cell (FC) and lowcapacity lithium-polymer (LIPO) …
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