3.1. Thermal pretreatment methods. Current trends in the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries aim to use thermal pretreatment methods to disintegrate the battery module and separate the battery into enriched metal fractions that can be reclaimed by extractive metallurgy [33, 42].The LIB is the most critical battery type to transport, …
Lithium and cobalt were recycled from the cathode material of spent Li-ion batteries.. The cathode material from spent Li-ion batteries was roasted with MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O in air.. HCl(g) evolved from MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O decomposition start to react with lithium at 270 °C.. Co 3 O 4 starts to be recovered as a co-product of the chlorination reaction at …
The objective of this study is to describe primary lithium production and to summarize the methods for combined mechanical and hydrometallurgical recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This study …
By adjusting different parameters, such as reaction environments, reaction temperature, amount of NH 4 Cl, and holding time, the chlorination process was controlled to realize the targeted extraction of lithium elements. And LTMO-type batteries could be processed by the controlled chlorinating technology to selectively extract lithium …
When the spent lithium ion battery is processed pyrometallurgically, lithium is generally fixed as slag with a high melting/boiling point which is difficult to be treated further. In this research, an innovative method to recycle lithium from pyro-slag by evaporation during chlorination roasting was proposed. Different chlorine donors, namely NaCl, AlCl3, and …
Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are characterized by having outstanding features: high energy density, high voltage, high efficiency, low weight, negligible and memory effect. ... Moreover, the waste generated by the chlorination process can be conveniently treated and recovered, prior to their final disposal. For example, ...
The objective of this study is to describe primary lithium production and to summarize the methods for combined mechanical and hydrometallurgical recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This study also aims to draw attention to the problem of lithium losses, which occur in individual recycling steps. The first step of hydrometallurgical …
2 · In comparison, the market price of FeCl 3 was USD 516 per metric tonne, only ~2% the price of LiFePO 4 and ~1% the price of NMC. The cost of FeCl 3 was calculated …
The global lithium resource reserves are 22 Mt (metal) (USGS, 2022), of which 34% are from hard rock lithium mines (Li LJ et al., 2018), mainly including Australia Greenbushes, Canada Quebec, China Jiajika, Zimbabwe Bikita and other pegmatite lithium deposits (Zhang SJ et al., 2020; Yang HP, et al. 2019).There are more than 150 kinds of …
DOI: 10.1080/08827508.2024.2334943 Corpus ID: 269164193; Effect of Chlorinating Agents on Lithium Recovery and Product Purity from Lithium-ion Battery (LIB) Recycling Slags via Chlorination Roasting Process
When the spent lithium ion battery is processed pyrometallurgically, lithium is generally fixed as slag with a high melting/boiling point which is difficult to be treated further. In this research, an innovative method to recycle …
17 · The chlorination process, commonly employed in extractive metallurgy for metal separations, has been used industrially to separate titanium (Ti) from its ores 18. …
The abundant use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in a wide variety of electric devices and vehicles will generate a large number of depleted batteries, which contain several valuable metals, such as Li, Co, Mn, and Ni, present in the structure of the cathode material (LiMO2). The present work investigates the extraction of lithium, as lithium chloride, from spent …
Moreover, the waste generated by the chlorination process can be conveniently treated and recovered, prior to their final disposal. For example, ... Under the condition of a 3:1 mass ratio of ammonium sulfate to lithium battery electrode mixed material, roasting temperature of 450 °C, roasting time of 30 min, liquid-solid ratio of 20:1 ...
In the lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling process, the roasting step decomposes the complex cathode material into metal oxides before leaching and precipitation. ... Overall, the chlorination ...
Lithium carbonate recovery from cathode scrap of spent lithium-ion battery: a closed-loop process. Environ. Sci. Technol., 51 (3) (2017), pp ... One-step selective recovery and cyclic utilization of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries via low-temperature chlorination pyrolysis. Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 175 (2021) …
Lithium extraction with process 1 Process 1 for LCO cathode. The recycling process 1, shown schematically in Fig. 1a, was applied for the LiCoO 2 material. XRD patterns in Fig. 2 show that ball ...
We investigate the efficiency of chlorination roasting in producing technical grade (TG) lithium chloride (LiCl) from the slag and quantitatively analyze the …
An efficient and environmentally friendly closed loop process combing low-temperature chlorination pyrolysis with water leaching is proposed for one-step selective recovery and cyclic utilization of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). First, the spent LiNi x Co y Mn z O 2 (s-NCM) cathode materials are …
How can one recycle lithium from spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs) when a pyrometallurgical route is chosen? In a new paper by HiTemp researchers of the KU Leuven Institute for Sustainable Metals and Minerals, a chlorination process was further developed to do just that. As a starting material, we used the slag that is obtained when processing …
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely employed in portable electric devices, electric vehicles (EVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), indicating a potential increasing demand for LIBs over the next decade. Lithium, a critical element in LIBs, might encounter a potential supply crisis in the future.
@article{Lin2019EnvironmentallyBP, title={Environmentally benign process for selective recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries by using conventional sulfation roasting}, author={Jiao Lin and Chunwei Liu and Hongbin Cao and Renjie Chen and Yongxia Yang and Li Li and Zhi Sun}, journal={Green Chemistry}, …
The abundant use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in a wide variety of electric devices and vehicles will generate a large number of depleted batteries, which contain several valuable metals such ...
Indeed, for a SE with a moderate chlorine content (i.e., x = 1.3) and obtained via a slow cooling process after sintering, the Cl atoms are located on the surface of the SE grains as ...
A closed loop process, including pretreatment, low temperature chlorination pyrolysis, water leaching and regeneration, was used to achieve the recycling of lithium ion batteries. The overall process flow chart of spent LIBs is shown in Fig. 1 and the specific process steps will be explained in detail below.
A chlorination roasting-water leaching process to recover Li, Ni, Co, and Mn from spent Li-ion batteries is introduced in this paper. The key parameters were …
Specifically, after a process sequence of chlorination roasting, spray pyrolysis, water leaching, spent NCM cathode powder is transformed into a LiCl solution and ternary oxide, ... The market of electric vehicles (EVs) has been dominated by lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with long life-span and high energy density [1], [2]. Considering a ...
Chlorination roasting followed by water leaching process was used to extract lithium from lepidolite. The microstructure of the lepidolite and roasted materials were characterized by X-ray ...
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